ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND The literature provides several studies on the effects of cocaine when exposed to the fetus. However, the majority of these data comes from animal models. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to present socio-demographic and clinical data in crack-cocaine using pregnant women and their babies, as compared to non-users. METHODS Cross-sectional study, comprised by 56 dyads of crack-cocaine using mothers-babies and 89 control dyads. In addition to the socio-demographic data and the babies’ information, data collection was based on ABIPEMI for socioeconomic level, WAIS for IQ, MINI for psychopathology and ASSIST for drug use. RESULTS Most crack users, in comparison to non-users, did not have a partner (10.52% vs 4.4%, P = 0.001) and presented lower IQ (78.15, +/-8.07 vs 84.27 +/- 9.87; P = 0.002). The prevalence of antisocial personality disorder and suicide risk in users was higher than in non-users (24.44% vs none, P < 0.001; 28.26% vs 10.46% P = 0.01). Most of the users did not participate in prenatal care (75%). The babies that the crack-cocaine using mothers gave birth to weighed significantly less than the controls (2.858 g vs 3.240 g, P = 0.002). DISCUSSION Users had a higher degree of psychopathology and lower attendance in prenatal care. There was an overlap of adverse factors, both for exposed mothers and babies. The sum of these vulnerabilities could result in significant harm to the developing infant. .
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Psychopathology , Crack Cocaine/adverse effects , Drug Users , Women's Health , Postpartum PeriodABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the psychometric properties of Brazilian version of Social Rhythm Metric-17 and to present the score algorithm in regular shift employees. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study. The Social Rhythm Metric assess the regularity of daily life associated to changes in biological rhythms. The scale was applied, during nine days, to 145 employees, 27.6 percent male and 72.4 percent female, ages between 18 and 60, mean = 36.1 (sd = 9.87). Mean values were compared using the Student's t-test for independent samples and ANOVA. Factor analysis was performed using principal component analysis; the reliability analysis, through Spearman's correlation. RESULTS: The Student t test didn't reveal any significant difference between sex in IRA (t = 0.60; p = 0.55) or ETA (t = 0.67; p = 0.95). The factor analysis showed three components, the first was associated to survival related activities; the second, related to pleasure and work and the third was related to no essential survive activities. DISCUSSION: This version of the Social Rhythm Metric-17 instrument allows to assess an important human zeitgeber, contributing for other studies which can to evaluate the determinant role of social rhythm. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of social rhythm metric 17 presents validity of content and good test-retest reliability.
OBJETIVO: Analisar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Ritmo Social e apresentar o algoritmo para cálculo dos escores em trabalhadores de turno regular. MÉTODO: Este estudo tem delineamento transversal. A escala Escala de Ritmo Social, que afere a regularidade de atividades diárias, foi aplicada durante nove dias, em 145 trabalhadores de turno regular, ambos os sexos, 27,6 por cento sexo masculino e 72,4 por cento sexo feminino, com idades entre 18 e 60 anos, média = 36,1 (sd = 9,87). A análise da diferença entre as médias foi realizada por meio do teste t de Student para amostras independentes e ANOVA. A análise fatorial foi realizada por meio de análise de componentes principais; a confiabilidade foi analisada através da correlação de Spearman. RESULTADOS: O teste t de Student não revelou diferença significativa entre os sexos para o Índice de Regularidade de Atividades (t = 0,60; p = 0,55) e para o Escore do Total de Atividades (t = 0,67; p = 0,95). Os escores apresentaram uma distribuição gaussiana na amostra estudada. A análise fatorial mostrou que a escala se agrupa em três componentes, o primeiro deles composto pelas atividades mais impositivas e imprescindíveis para a sobrevivência; o segundo relacionado a trabalho e lazer, e o terceiro o das atividades às quais as pessoas podem frequentemente dispensar sem prejuízo de sua sobrevivência. DISCUSSÃO: Esta versão permite aferição de um importante zeitgeber em humanos, contribuindo para próximos estudos nos quais possa ser avaliado o papel determinante do ritmo social. CONCLUSÃO: A Escala de Ritmo Social apresenta validade de conteúdo e boa fidedignidade teste-reteste.